The exhaustive list of topics in Restructured Power Systems in which we provide Help with Homework Assignment and Help with Project is as follows:
- Restructuring of power industry
- Reasons for restructuring / deregulation of power industry
- Understanding the restructuring process
- Entities involved
- The levels of competition
- The market place mechanisms
- Sector-wise major changes required
- Deregulation
- Reasons and objectives of deregulation of various power systems across
- The world
- The US
- The UK
- The Nordic Pool
- The developing countries
- Conclusion
- Consumer behaviour:
- Total utility and marginal utility
- Law of diminishing marginal utility
- Consumer surplus
- Consumer equilibrium
- Market demand curve
- Demand elasticity
- Supplier behaviour
- Law of diminishing marginal product:
- Supply functions
- Supplier equilibrium
- Supplier surplus
- Supplier elasticity
- Market equilibrium
- Global welfare
- Deadweight loss
- Short-run and Long-run costs
- Various costs of production
- Total cost (TC)
- Average fixed cost (AFC)
- Average variable cost (AVC)
- Average cost (AC)
- Marginal cost (MC)
- Relationship between short-run and long-run average costs
- Perfectly competitive market:
- The firm's supply decision under perfect competition
- The Philosophy of Market Models:
- Market models based on contractual arrangements
- Monopoly model
- Single buyer model
- Wholesale competition model
- Retail competition model
- Comparison of various market models
- Electricity vis-à-vis other commodities
- Distinguishing features of electricity as a commodity
- Four pillars of market design:
- Imbalance
- Scheduling and Dispatch
- Congestion Management
- Ancillary Services
- Market architecture
- Timeline for various energy markets
- Bilateral / forward contracts
- The spot market
- Discriminatory or non-discriminatory pricing?
- Simple bids or complex bids
- Day-ahead and real-time market
- Models for trading arrangements
- Integrated or centralized model
- Decentralized model
- Comparison between trading arrangement models
- ISO or TSO model
- Transmission Congestion Management:
- Definition of congestion
- Reasons for transfer capability limitation
- Importance of congestion management in deregulated environment
- Effects of congestion
- Desired features of congestion management schemes
- Classification of congestion management methods
- Basis for classification
- Non-market methods
- Market methods
- Calculation of ATC
- Definition of various terms
- ATC
- TRM
- CBM
- ATC calculation using PTDF and LODF based on DC model
- DC Load flow model
- Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF)
- Calculation of PTDF using DC model
- ATC calculation using PTDF
- Line Outage Distribution Factor (LODF)
- ATC calculation using PTDF and LODF
- Calculation of ATC using AC model
- Non-market methods
- Capacity allocation on first come first served basis
- Capacity allocation based on pro-rata methods
- Capacity allocation based on type of contract
- Market based methods
- Explicit auctioning
- Coordinated auctioning
- Nodal pricing
- OPF based congestion management
- DC OPF
- OPF with load elasticity
- AC OPF
- Interpretation of Lagrange multipliers
- Implications of nodal pricing
- Inter-zonal Intra-zonal congestion management
- Price area congestion management
- Algorithm
- Illustrative example
- Capacity alleviation method
- Re-dispatching
- Counter-trade
- Curtailment
- Transmission Rights (FTR):
- Mathematical preliminaries
- Convexity
- Duality
- Perturbation analysis
- Sensitivity analysis
- KKT necessary conditions for optimality
- Locational marginal pricing
- llustrative examples
- Generic formulation
- Lossless DCOPF model for LMP calculation
- Formulation
- LMP derivation
- Reference node independency
- Loss compensated DCOPF model for LMP calculation
- Formulation
- LMP derivation
- Reference node independency
- Accuracy comparison of both the models
- ACOPF model for LMP calculation
- Financial Transmission Rights
- Risk Hedging Functionality Of financial Transmission Rights
- Simultaneous feasibility test and revenue adequacy
- FTR issuance process
- FTR auction
- Auction formulation
- Auction pricing
- Time differentiation of FTR products
- FTR allocation
- Direct allocation
- Auction revenue rights
- Treatment of revenue shortfall
- Secondary trading of FTRs
- Flow Gate rights
- FTR Vs FGR
- FTR and market power
- FTR and merchant transmission investment
- Ancillary Service Management
- Ancillary services
- Types of ancillary services
- Classification of ancillary services
- Load-generation balancing related services
- Frequency regulation
- Load following
- Spinning reserve services
- Voltage control and reactive power support services
- Different sources of reactive power
- Generators
- Synchronous condensers
- Capacitors and inductors
- SVCs
- STATCOMs
- Comparison between different sources of reactive power
- Issues in reactive power management
- Black start capability service
- Mandatory provision of ancillary services
- Markets for ancillary services
- Co-optimization of energy and reserve services
- International comparison
- England and Wales
- Nordic countries
- CAISO
- NYISO
- Loss of opportunity cost
- Australia
- Pricing of transmission network usage and loss allocation
- Transmission pricing
- Issues involved
- Principles of transmission pricing
- Classification of transmission pricing methods
- Rolled-in transmission pricing methods
- Postage stamp method
- Incremental postage stamp method
- Contract path method
- MW-Mile method
- Distance based
- Power flow based
- Power flow tracing
- Proportionate sharing principle
- Graph theoretic approach
- Simultaneous equations approach
- Equivalent bilateral exchange method
- Z bus cost allocation method
- Marginal transmission pricing paradigm
- Short-run marginal cost pricing
- Complementary charge
- Long-run marginal cost pricing
- Composite pricing paradigm
- Two part tariff
- Merits and de-merits of different paradigms
- Debated issues in transmission pricingLoss allocation
- Classification of loss allocation methods
- Pro-rata methods
- Incremental methods
- Power flow tracing based allocation
- Comparison between various methods
- Market power and generators bidding
- Attributes of a perfectly competitive market
- The firm's supply decision under perfect competition
- Imperfect competition
- Monopoly
- Oligopoly
- Cournot model
- Bertrand model
- Electricity markets under imperfect competition
- Market power
- Sources of market power
- Effect of market power
- Identifying market power
- HHI Index
- Entropy coefficient
- Lerner index
- Market power mitigation
- Effects of contract for differences
- Role of demand side bidding
- Financial markets associated with electricity markets
- Forwards
- Futures
- Options
- Swaps
- Optimal bidding by a generator company
- Bidding in real markets
- Optimal bidding methods
- Game theory
- Markov decision process
- Genetic algorithm
- Equilibrium analysis
- Conjectural variation
- Bayesian analysis
- Reforms in Indian power sector
- Framework of Indian power sector.
- Historical Developments
- The Institutional Framework
- Operational Demarcation of the Power System
- National and Transnational Grids
- Reform initiatives during 1990-1995
- The Independent Power Plants
- Orissa Reform Model
- Accelerated Power Development and Reforms Program (APDRP)
- Public-Private Partnership
- Other Developments
- The Mechanism
- Working of the mechanism
- Effects of ABT
- Intra-state ABT
- The Electricity Act 2003
- Provisions in the generation sector
- Provisions in the transmission sector
- Provisions in the distribution sector
- Power trading
- Other important changes
- Open Access issues
- Operational Practices
- Transmission pricing
- Loss allocation
- Reservation of Transmission Capacity and Congestion Management
- Reactive power support
- Explanation of practices using illustrative example
- Power exchange
- The auction
- The congestion management
- Administration of physical delivery
- Timeline of activities
- Reforms in near future